Please be seated, everybody. Thank you very, very much. Muchas gracias. Buenos dias. I'm so sorry that we are a little bit late today, but what a beautiful ride in and how wonderful to be here. And I thank you for leaving my future transportation out here in back of me. I love it. (Laughter.)
Distinguished members of the Cuban delegation – Josefina, thank you for your leadership andfor all your work of your delegation; excellencies from the diplomatic corps; my colleaguesfrom Washington, past and present; Ambassador DeLaurentis and all of the embassy staff; andfriends watching around the world, thank you for joining us at this truly historic moment as weprepare to raise the United States flag here at our embassy in Havana, symbolizing the re-establishment of diplomatic relations after 54 years. This is also the first time that a UnitedStates Secretary of State has been to Cuba since 1945. (Applause.)
This morning I feel very much at home here, and I'm grateful to those who have come to sharein this ceremony who are standing around outside of our facilities, and I feel at home herebecause this is truly a memorable occasion – a day for pushing aside old barriers and exploringnew possibilities.
And it is in that spirit that I say on behalf of my country, Los Estados Unidos acogen conbeneplacito este nuevo comienzo de su relacion con el pueblo y el Gobierno de Cuba. Sabemosque el camino hacia unas relaciones plenamente normales es largo, pero es precisamente porello que tenemos que empezar en este mismo instante. No hay nada que temer, ya que seranmuchos los beneficios de los que gozaremos cuando permitamos a nuestros ciudadanosconocerse mejor, visitarse con mas frecuencia, realizar negocios de forma habitual,intercambiar ideas y aprender los unos de los otros.
My friends, we are gathered here today because our leaders – President Obama and PresidentCastro – made a courageous decision to stop being the prisoners of history and to focus onthe opportunities of today and tomorrow. This doesn't mean that we should or will forget thepast; how could we, after all? At least for my generation, the images are indelible.
In 1959, Fidel Castro came to the United States and was greeted by enthusiastic crowds.Returning the next year for the UN General Assembly, he was embraced by then-Soviet PremierNikita Khrushchev. In 1961, the Bay of Pigs tragedy unfolded with President Kennedy acceptingresponsibility. And in October 1962, the missile crisis arose – 13 days that pushed us to thevery threshold of nuclear war. I was a student then, and I can still remember the taut faces ofour leaders, the grim map showing the movement of opposing ships, the approachingdeadline, and that peculiar word – quarantine. We were unsettled and uncertain about thefuture because we didn't know when closing our eyes at night what we would find when wewoke up.
In that frozen environment, diplomatic ties between Washington and this capital city werestrained, then stretched thin, then severed. In late 1960, the U.S. ambassador left Havana.Early the following January, Cuba demanded a big cut in the size of our diplomatic mission,and President Eisenhower then decided he had no choice but to shut the embassy down.
Most of the U.S. staff departed quickly, but a few stayed behind to hand the keys over to ourSwiss colleagues, who would serve diligently and honorably as our protecting power for morethan 50 years. I just met with the Foreign Minister Didier Burkhalter, and we're grateful toSwitzerland always for their service and their help. (Applause.)
Among those remaining at the embassy were three Marine guards: Larry Morris, Mike East, andJim Tracy. As they stepped outside, they were confronted by a large crowd standing betweenthem and the flagpole. Tensions were high. No one felt safe. But the Marines had a mission toaccomplish. And slowly, the crowd just parted in front of them as they made their way to theflagpole, lowered Old Glory, folded it, and returned to the building.
Larry, Mike, and Jim had done their jobs, but they also made a bold promise that one day theywould return to Havana and raise the flag again. (Applause.)
At the time, no one could have imagined how distant that day would be.
For more than half a century, U.S.-Cuban relations have been suspended in the amber of ColdWar politics. In the interim, a whole generation of Americans and Cubans have grown up andgrown old. The United States has had ten new presidents. In a united Germany, the Berlin Wallis a fading memory. Freed from Soviet shackles, Central Europe is again home to thrivingdemocracies.
And last week, I was in Hanoi to mark the 20th anniversary of normalization of relationsbetween the United States and Vietnam. Think about that. A long and terrible war that inflictedindelible scars on body and mind, followed by two decades of mutual healing, followed byanother two decades of diplomatic and commercial engagement. In this period, Vietnamevolved from a country torn apart by violence into a dynamic society with one of the world'sfastest growing economies. And all that time, through reconciliation, through normalization,Cuban-American relations remained locked in the past.
Meanwhile, new technologies enabled people everywhere to benefit from shared projects acrossvast stretches of ocean and land. My friends, it doesn't take a GPS to realize that the road ofmutual isolation and estrangement that the United States and Cuba were traveling was notthe right one and that the time has come for us to move in a more promising direction.
In the United States, that means recognizing that U.S. policy is not the anvil on which Cuba'sfuture will be forged. Decades of good intentions aside, the policies of the past have not led to ademocratic transition in Cuba. It would be equally unrealistic to expect normalizing relationsto have, in a short term, a transformational impact. After all, Cuba's future is for Cubans toshape. Responsibility for the nature and quality of governance and accountability rests, as itshould, not with any outside entity; but solely within the citizens of this country.
But the leaders in Havana – and the Cuban people – should also know that the United Stateswill always remain a champion of democratic principles and reforms. Like many othergovernments in and outside this hemisphere, we will continue to urge the Cuban Governmentto fulfill its obligations under the UN and inter-American human rights covenants – obligationsshared by the United States and every other country in the Americas.
And indeed, we remain convinced the people of Cuba would be best served by genuinedemocracy, where people are free to choose their leaders, express their ideas, practice theirfaith; where the commitment to economic and social justice is realized more fully; whereinstitutions are answerable to those they serve; and where civil society is independent andallowed to flourish.
Let me be clear: The establishment of normal diplomatic relations is not something that onegovernment does as a favor to another; it is something that two countries do together when thecitizens of both will benefit. And in this case, the reopening of our embassies is important ontwo levels: People-to-people and government-to-government.
First, we believe it's helpful for the people of our nations to learn more about each other, tomeet each other. That is why we are encouraged that travel from the United States to Cuba hasalready increased by 35 percent since January and is continuing to go up. We are encouragedthat more and more U.S. companies are exploring commercial ventures here that would createopportunities for Cuba's own rising number of entrepreneurs, and we are encouraged that U.S.firms are interested in helping Cuba expand its telecommunications and internet links, andthat the government here recently pledged to create dozens of new and more affordable Wi-Fihotspots.
We also want to acknowledge the special role that the Cuban American community is playingin establishing a new relationship between our countries. And in fact, we have with us thismorning representatives from that community, some of whom were born here and others whowere born in the United States. With their strong ties of culture and family, they cancontribute much to the spirit of bilateral cooperation and progress that we are seeking tocreate, just as they have contributed much to their communities in their adopted land.
The restoration of diplomatic ties will also make it easier for our governments to engage.After all, we are neighbors, and neighbors will always have much to discuss in such areas as civilaviation, migration policy, disaster preparedness, protecting marine environment, globalclimate change, and other tougher and more complicated issues. Having normal relationsmakes it easier for us to talk, and talk can deepen understanding even when we know full wellwe will not see eye to eye on everything.
We are all aware that notwithstanding President Obama's new policy, the overall U.S.embargo on trade with Cuba remains in place and can only be lifted by congressional action –a step that we strongly favor. For now – (applause). For now, the President has taken steps toease restrictions on remittances, on exports and imports to help Cuban private entrepreneurs,on telecommunications, on family travel, but we want to go further. The goal of all of thesechanges is to help Cubans connect to the world and to improve their lives. And just as we aredoing our part, we urge the Cuban Government to make it less difficult for their citizens tostart businesses, to engage in trade, access information online. The embargo has always beensomething of a two-way street – both sides need to remove restrictions that have been holdingCubans back.
Before closing, I want to sincerely thank leaders throughout the Americas who have long urgedthe United States and Cuba to restore normal ties. I thank the Holy Father Pope Francis andthe Vatican for supporting the start of a new chapter in relations between our countries. And Ithink it is not accidental that the Holy Father will come here and then to Washington, theUnited States at this moment. I applaud President Obama and President Castro both forhaving the courage to bring us together in the face of considerable opposition. I amgrateful to Assistant Secretary of State Roberta Jacobson and her team, to our counterparts inthe Cuban Foreign Ministry, to our chief of mission, Ambassador Jeff DeLaurentis and hisextraordinary staff, for all of the hard work that has led up to this day. And I just say to ourwonderful embassy staff, if you think you've been busy these past months, hold on to yourseatbelts. (Laughter.)
But above all, above all, I want to pay tribute to the people of Cuba and to the CubanAmerican community in the United States. Jose Marti once said that “everything that dividesmen…is a sin against humanity.” Clearly, the events of the past – the harsh words, theprovocative and retaliatory actions, the human tragedies – all have been a source of deepdivision that has diminished our common humanity. There have been too many days ofsacrifice and sorrow; too many decades of suspicion and fear. That is why I am heartened bythe many on both sides of the Straits who – whether because of family ties or a simple desire toreplace anger with something more productive – have endorsed this search for a better path.
We have begun to move down that path without any illusions about how difficult it may be. Butwe are each confident in our intentions, confident in the contacts that we have made, andpleased with the friendships that we have begun to forge.
And we are certain that the time is now to reach out to one another, as two peoples who are nolonger enemies or rivals, but neighbors – time to unfurl our flags, raise them up, and let theworld know that we wish each other well.
Estamos seguros de que este es el momento de acercarnos: dos pueblos ya no enemigos nirivales, sino vecinos. Es el momento de desplegar nuestras banderas, enarbolarlas y hacerlesaber al resto del mundo que nos deseamos lo mejor los unos a los otros.
It is with that healing mission in mind that I turn now to Larry Morris, Jim Tracy, and MikeEast. Fifty-four years ago, you gentlemen promised to return to Havana and hoist the flag overthe United States Embassy that you lowered on that January day long ago. Today, I invite youon behalf of President Obama and the American people to fulfill that pledge by presenting theStars and Stripes to be raised by members of our current military detachment.
Larry, Jim, and Mike, this is your cue to deliver on words that would make any diplomat proud,just as they would any member of the United States Marine Corps: Promise made, promisekept. Thank you.