玛丽·居里,世称“居里夫人”， 法国著名波兰裔科学家、物理学家、化学家。下面是范文大全小编为你整理的玛丽居里的英文简介，希望对你有用!
玛丽·居里简介
Marie Skłodowska Curie (1867-1934) was born on November 7, 1867 in Warsaw. The world called "Marie Curie", full name: Maria Scovodovska Curie. French famous Polish scientist, physicist, chemist.
In 1903, Curie and Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the study of radioactivity. In 1911, the discovery of the element polonium and radium again won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, thus becoming the world's first two Bell of the people. Curie's achievements include the creation of a radioactive theory, the invention of the separation of radioisotope technology, found two new elements polonium and radium. Under her guidance, people use radioisotopes for the first time in the treatment of cancer. Due to prolonged exposure to radioactive material, Mrs. Curie died on 7 July 1934 due to malignant leukemia.
玛丽·居里人物生平
School stage
November 7, 1867, was born in the Polish kingdom of Warsaw City, a middle school teacher's family.
In September 1891, went to Paris to study, in November to enter the University of Sultan (ie, the University of Paris)
Department of Physics.
In 1894, by the Polish scholar, Professor of Physics at the University of Fortune, Switzerland, Joseph Kovarsky introduced, with Biel Curie met in order to take advantage of Curie's leading equipment for better laboratories.
In 1895 April, Mary Scrodovsky's paper "Radiation of uranium and thorium compounds" was read by Lippmann at the Academy of Sciences.
July 26, 1895, Mary and Beier Curie in the suburbs of Paris shuttle town married. Marie Curie is a female middle school teacher.
Research stage
In August 1896, Mary passed the university graduates as a teacher's title exam. (1827-1897), Mary worked for the post, working in the physical laboratory, working with Bier (room director).
In 1898 July, Curie couple to the Academy of Sciences "on the bitumen uranium ore in a radioactive new material"
Explain the discovery of new radioactive elements 84, four hundred times stronger than uranium, similar to bismuth, and Mrs. Curie suggested poles (polonium) to construct the name of the new element in her motherland's name. Since the Curie couple work closely together to study the establishment of the earliest methods of radiochemical work.
In 1898 December, Curie couple and colleague Beimont to the Academy of Sciences, "on the asphalt uranium ore contains a highly radioactive new material," that also found the new element 88, radio than uranium million times, named as Radium. Mary Curie reports of the discovery of new elements polonium, published in the Polish version of Warsaw's "Swift Art" magazine.
In March 1900, Mary taught the physics at the Saifuer Women's Higher Normal School in southwest Paris. Mary 's paper "On the atomic weight of radioactive barium compounds". Curie couples at the Paris International Physics Society read the paper "on the new radioactive material and its emission."
In October 1900, two German scholars, Valcoff and Gizelle, declared that radium had a peculiar effect on biological tissues. After the couples confirmed that the laser will burn the skin.
In 1902, after three and nine months of refining, the Curie couple separated a few grams of radium chloride RaCl2 from several tons of residue, measuring the radium content of 225, and the resulting exact number of 226.
In 1903, Curie and Becquerel were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.
In 1908, for the "Biel Curie writings" sequel, recall the author's performance. The book by the French Institute of Physics commissioned by the editor of Lang, published in Paris. Promoted to professor.
In 1911, the Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded for the separation of pure metal radium. In the same year, participated in the first Solvay meeting held in Brussels.
In 1915, from the University of Solborn University physics laboratory moved to the radium Institute of Radiology Laboratory. Travel around the country at home and abroad, to guide eighteen field medical service team.
In 1916, in the radium Institute for the health staff to open radiology crash course, teach doctors to find the body of foreign body (such as: shrapnel) location of the new law, by the Allied military praise.
In 1921, according to wartime notes finishing, written as "radiology and war", published in Paris.
On March 8, 1921, he met with Cai Yuanpei, president of Peking University. Cai arrived in Paris on his way to visit, invited Curie to Peking University lectures. Answer: "This can not go, when the summer vacation in the future seek." Never finished.
In May 1921, the mother and daughter crossed the sea to the United States, to accept the United States Mary Curie Fund Raising Committee "Mary Curie Committee" presented a radium. The ceremony was held at the White House in Washington on the 20th, presided over by the President of the United States. To Philadelphia, accept the new thorium five grams; she was the first to use their own piezoelectric quartz to the United States philosophical society. The paper "on isotope and isotope" was published in Paris.
In February 1922, he was elected academician of the Paris Academy of Medical Sciences.
In May 1922, the Secretary-General of the League of Nations established by the First World War, Sir David Draham, participated in the International Commission for Cultural Co-operation, which was established last year, at the invitation of the decision of the International Council. The first member was elected as vice chairman. To this end, often to Geneva to attend the meeting.
In 1930, the French government applied for special research subsidies, received 500,000 francs.
In 1934, the book "radioactive" (two volumes) written in 1935 published. Yorio Curie, under the guidance of Mrs. Curie, found artificial radioactive.
June 1934, live in the province of Sava province Sangseluo Mo sanatorium. July 4, with anemia (caused by radium) died in nursing homes. Dr. Tommy wrote this report: "The disease he has received is a rapid development, accompanied by fever with secondary anemia, bone marrow without hematopoietic response, may be due to long-term accumulation of radiation damage caused." "I lost everything." Cai Yuanpei was also very sad, and on July 8, 1934, he sent a letter of condolence in French to pay tribute: "The president of the University of Paris, the president of the University of Paris, I am grateful for the death of the members of the French Academy of Sciences, and I would like to pay tribute to my family. "Cai Yuanpei." July 6, buried in the Paris town town where the tomb. Her brother (Joseph Scrodovsky) (Blooney Schrava de luska) sprinkled the gravel from Poland to the tomb.
玛丽·居里个人生活
Family relationship
Marie Curie, born on November 7, 1867, was born to a family of secondary school teachers in Warsaw, Poland. Father Ulaslav Slocodovsky is a math teacher in the middle school, and the mother of the board of directors is the president of the boarding school. Maria Scrodovska. The family's love for it is called "Mania". Maria line five, there are three sisters and one brother, that is, Sophie, Bromi Shi Lawa, Helena and brother Joseph.
Mary in Sorbonne met a lecturer, Pierre Curie, that is her later husband. The two of them often carry out radioactive material research together with tons of industrial waste, because the total radioactivity of the ore is stronger than the radioactivity of the uranium it contains. In 1898, the Curie couple made a logical inference about this phenomenon: asphalt uranium ore must contain some unknown radioactive components, the radioactivity is far greater than the uranium radioactivity. On December 26th, Mrs. Curie published the idea of the existence of this new substance.
In the following years, the Curie couple constantly refining the radioactive components of the asphalt uranium ore. Through unremitting efforts, they finally succeeded in separating the radium chloride and discovered two new chemical elements: polonium (Po) and radium (Ra). Because of their discovery and research on radioactive, the Curie and Henry Beckeller won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics, and Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in history. Eight years later, in 1911, Madame Curie won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry because of the successful separation of radium. Surprisingly, after Mrs. Curie won the Nobel Prize, she did not apply for a patent for refining pure radium, and made it public, which effectively promoted the development of radiochemistry. Marie Curie had a long affection with her husband's student Paul Long in the years, and the incident was in trouble in France. 1911 Paris News in the November 4 title "love story: Curie and Lang Zhan Wan professor", rumors Pierre still alive, Lang and Marie Curie have close contacts. Einstein's view of this matter is that if they are in love, who will not control, he wrote a letter to the Curie on November 23, 1911, to comfort the table.
During the First World War, Mrs. Curie advocated radiology ambulance
The wounded, promoting the use of radiology in the medical field. After that, she traveled to the United States in 1921 and raised funds for radiology research. Marie Curie died in Upper Savoy on July 4, 1934, due to excessive exposure to radioactive material. After that, her eldest daughter Irena Yorio - Curie won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935. Her little daughter, Eve Curie, wrote "Madame Curie" after her mother's death. In the inflation of the 1990s, Marie Curie's head appeared in Polish and French currencies and stamps. Chemical element curium (Cm, 96) is to commemorate the Curie couple named.
Emotional turmoil
After the death of her husband, Mary Curie's life was caught in the glacier state. Until Paul Long's million - another great and intelligent mind, involved her life. Long is the love of Mary Curie - of course, his divorce failed. At the same time he also foolishly let his wife got Mary Marie wrote his love letter, these love letters were finally published to the newspaper. Marie Curie in the 45-year-old this year, caught in the ruins of the trough.
Paul Aipei's daughter, Mary Curie one of the most loyal students and supporters, but therefore with his father had a huge conflict, she stood in front of his father word by word and said: "If you dare to catch She will go, I will never see you again, my father. "Her life did not hit his father, but in this one thing showed furious. She clearly said the following left to his father enough to leave the words of the future: "If Mary Curie is a man, it will not happen."
Mary Curie in this public opinion storm, to the fall of her life. For almost three years, her spirit was in a state of collapse, where she was defeated by her strong, vicious, cruel hostility, and had to live in a hospital run by nuns. Get the body and the psychological double treatment.
Eventually she recovered. Powerful will and work to let her stand up again. After that, she continued to work for 22 years and continued to make a great contribution to France and the world of science.